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2. The New Imperialism: Africa and South Asia
I. The New Imperialism vs. the Old Imperialism A. The New Imperialism - refers to the European conquest and subjugation of vast tracts of land and indigenous people primarily in Asia and Africa in the late19th century
B. Undeveloped territories were more thoroughly penetrated and dominated 1) economic investment was heavier and more direct
2) To secure investments military and political domination was established a) Colonies > Africa - by 1902 > 90% of the African continent will be colonized
b) Protectorates > India - 1858 control over India passed from the East India Company to England - 3,500
British civil servants 300 million people
c) Spheres of Influence > China
II. Reasons for the New Imperialism A. Economic 1) J. A. Hobson (1902) - argued that Imperialism was the results of unregulated capitalism and benefited only a few
2) Lenin (1916) - agreed with Hobson and argued that the only way to do away with Imperialism was to do away with capitalism B. Political - deemed important to national security and the maintenance of the balance of power in Europe - Fashoda Incident (1898)
C. Jingoism - Social Darwinism - helped support Imperialism and intensified national rivalries
D. Missionary - desire to spread Christianity
E. White Man’s Burden
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